Oladele Afolalu | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Dr. Oladele Afolalu | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Postdoctoral Fellowย at Durban University of Technology, South Africa

Dr. Oladele Felix Afolalu is a distinguished researcher and academic in the field of Electrical and Telecommunications Engineering. Born on August 29, 1976, in Nigeria, he has made significant contributions to the advancement of ICT, telecommunications, and enterprise networking. With a strong passion for innovation, he has worked extensively in academia, research, and industry collaborations to improve modern communication systems. Currently a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Durban University of Technology, South Africa, Dr. Afolalu has played a crucial role in developing cutting-edge solutions in 5G networks, interference coordination, and network optimization. His leadership in academic institutions, numerous publications, and participation in international conferences reflect his dedication to research excellence. As a member of several prestigious engineering societies, including IEEE (USA & South Africa), COREN, and MNSE, he continues to impact the engineering community through mentorship, teaching, and groundbreaking studies in the field of telecommunications and ICT.

Professional Profile

Education

Dr. Afolaluโ€™s academic journey is marked by a strong foundation in electrical and electronic engineering, with degrees from top institutions in Nigeria and South Africa. He earned his Ph.D. in Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering from the University of Cape Town, South Africa, where he specialized in 5G network optimization and inter-cell interference coordination. Prior to that, he completed an M.Sc. in Electronic/Electrical Engineering from Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria, where his research focused on communication systems and signal processing. His undergraduate studies culminated in a B.Eng. (Hons.) in Electrical/Electronics Engineering from the Federal University of Technology, Akure. Additionally, he holds a National Diploma in Electrical/Electronics Engineering from Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti. His diverse academic background has provided him with expertise in ICT systems, telecommunications, and engineering education, equipping him to contribute significantly to cutting-edge research and technology advancements.

Professional Experience

Dr. Afolalu has amassed over two decades of experience in teaching, research, and academic administration. He served as Head of the Department and Principal Lecturer at Federal Polytechnic, Ede, Nigeria, where he played a key role in curriculum development, student mentorship, and research supervision. He also worked as an Adjunct Senior Lecturer and Acting Head of Department at Joseph Ayo Babalola University, where he was instrumental in advancing research initiatives in physics electronics. His postdoctoral research at Durban University of Technology, South Africa, involves cutting-edge projects in enterprise networking and ICT systems. Additionally, he has served as a tutor at the University of Cape Town, helping students enhance their understanding of telecommunication systems. Throughout his career, he has been actively involved in examination committees, research committees, and industrial training programs, contributing significantly to the development of engineering education in Nigeria and beyond.

Research Interests

Dr. Afolaluโ€™s research is centered on wireless communication networks, telecommunications engineering, and ICT innovations. His primary focus is on 5G and beyond technologies, network optimization, and inter-cell interference coordination. His Ph.D. research on Ultra-Dense Networks (UDNs) has contributed to improving network efficiency and power allocation in next-generation communication systems. He has also explored the application of artificial intelligence in network performance enhancement, particularly in resource allocation and signal processing. Additionally, his research extends to renewable energy integration in communication networks, aiming for sustainable and efficient power management in ICT infrastructure. His contributions to machine learning applications in network traffic optimization and security have been recognized in top-tier journals. Through his extensive research, he aims to bridge the gap between theoretical telecommunications advancements and practical industry implementations, ensuring that emerging technologies are efficiently deployed for societal benefit.

Awards and Honors

Dr. Afolalu has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to research, engineering education, and technological innovation. He has received accolades for his work on 5G networks, including best paper awards at international conferences such as the Southern Africa Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC). His research on carrier aggregation-enabled NOMA techniques for enhanced 5G network performance has gained global recognition. He has also been honored for his mentorship and academic leadership, particularly in the development of engineering curricula and innovative teaching methodologies. His membership in prestigious engineering societies such as IEEE, COREN, and MNSE further highlights his excellence in the field. Additionally, he has participated as a panelist and keynote speaker at workshops and conferences, where his expertise in wireless communication and ICT infrastructure has been widely acknowledged. His commitment to research and education continues to inspire future engineers and researchers globally.

Conclusion

Dr. Oladele Felix Afolalu has a strong research portfolio, significant academic experience, and notable contributions to ICT and 5G telecommunications. His leadership roles, professional memberships, and conference engagements make him a worthy candidate for the Best Researcher Award. Strengthening high-impact publications, industry collaborations, and international research engagements will further solidify his standing in the global research community.

Publications Top Notes

  1. Carrier Aggregationโ€Enabled Nonโ€Orthogonal Multiple Access Approach Towards Enhanced Network Performance in 5G Ultraโ€Dense Networks

    • Author(s): O Afolalu, N Ventura

    • Year: 2021

    • Citations: 10

  2. A Survey of Interference Challenges and Mitigation Techniques in 5G Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

    • Author(s): OF Afolalu, JO Petinrin, MA Ayoade

    • Year: 2016

    • Citations: 4

  3. Internet of Things and Software Applications in Patient Safety Adverse Event Detection and Reporting: A Comprehensive Literature Review

    • Author(s): OO Afolalu, SA Afolalu, OF Afolalu, OA Akpor

    • Year: 2024

    • Citations: 2

  4. Inter-Cell Interference Coordination in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks

    • Author(s): OF Afolalu

    • Year: 2021

    • Citations: 2

  5. Internet of Things Applications in Health Systems’ Equipment: Challenges and Trends in the Fourth Industrial Revolution

    • Author(s): OO Afolalu, OA Akpor, SA Afolalu, OF Afolalu

    • Year: 2024

    • Citations: 1

  6. Application of Particle Swarm Optimization Method to Economic Dispatch of Nigerian Power System Considering Valve-Point Loading Effect

    • Author(s): GA Adepoju, MA Tijani, MO Okelola, MA Ayoade, OF Afolalu

    • Year: 2021

    • Citations: 1

  7. Enterprise Networking Optimization: A Review of Challenges, Solutions, and Technological Interventions

    • Author(s): O Afolalu, MS Tsoeu

    • Year: 2025

    • Citations: Not available yet

  8. A Novel Security Solution for Efficient Connectivity in Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN)

    • Author(s): O Afolalu, MS Tsoeu

    • Year: 2025

    • Citations: Not available yet

  9. Sickle Cell Disease Epidemiology and Management in Africa: Current Trends and Future Directions in Digital Health Technologies

    • Author(s): AO Olajumoke, O Akpor, AS Afolalu, OF Afolalu, HB Oyewole, AO Oke

    • Year: 2024

    • Citations: Not available yet

  10. Analysis of Spectrum Occupancy of Active FM Band within Federal Polytechnic Ede Northern Campus

  • Author(s): AK Adebayo, JO Agbolade, IA Bamikefa, OF Afolalu, MA Ayoade

  • Year: 2021

  • Citations: Not available

  1. Development of Induction Motor Monitoring System with Protection Against Abnormal Voltage, Current, and Temperature

  • Author(s): MA Ayoade, IA Bamikefa, MA Tijani, OF Afolalu, AK Adebayo

  • Year: 2018

  • Citations: Not available

  1. Effects of Angles of Inclinations on the Performances of Photovoltaic (PV) Arrays

  • Author(s): MA Ayoade, OF Afolalu, IA Bamikefa, MA Tijani, MA Sanusi

  • Year: 2017

  • Citations: Not available

  1. Development of a Wireless Induction Motor Unbalanced Voltage Detection and Control System for Hazardous Environments

  • Author(s): MA Ayoade, OF Afolalu, IA Bamikefa, AK Adebayo, MA Sanusi

  • Year: 2017

  • Citations: Not available

 

Charly Julien Nyobe | Civil Engineering | Best Paper Award

Dr. Charly Julien Nyobe | Civil Engineering | Best Paper Award

Chercheur at Ecole Normale Supรฉrieure d’Enseignement Technique de Douala-Cameroun, Cameroon.

Charly Julien Nyobe ๐ŸŽ“ is a dedicated Cameroonian researcher and educator specializing in civil engineering, biomechanics, and material sciences. Born on March 11, 1985, in Garoua-Boulaรฏ, he has pursued an extensive academic career, earning two PhDs and multiple engineering degrees. With a passion for structural mechanics, wood engineering, and impact mechanics, he actively contributes to cutting-edge research on sustainable construction materials. Currently, he teaches at the University of Douala and collaborates on international projects. An expert in statistical analysis, finite element methods, and material characterization, Nyobe is committed to advancing engineering solutions for real-world challenges. ๐Ÿš€๐Ÿ“š

Professional Profile:

Scopus

ORCID

Google Scholar

Suitability for the Award

Dr. Charly Julien Nyobe is a highly accomplished researcher in civil engineering, biomechanics, and material sciences, with extensive expertise in structural mechanics, wood engineering, and impact mechanics. His strong academic background, dual PhDs, and consistent research contributions demonstrate a deep commitment to advancing engineering knowledge, particularly in sustainable construction materials. His ability to bridge experimental, numerical, and theoretical methods in engineering makes him a strong contender for the Best Paper Award.

Education & Experience ๐Ÿ“š

โœ… Doctorate (PhD) in Mechanical Engineering โ€“ Universitรฉ Gustave Eiffel, France (2022 – Ongoing)
โœ… Doctorate (PhD) in Civil Engineering โ€“ ร‰cole Nationale Supรฉrieure Polytechnique de Yaoundรฉ, Cameroon (2023)
โœ… Masterโ€™s in Civil Engineering โ€“ University of Douala, Cameroon (2015)
โœ… DIPET II (Masterโ€™s equivalent) in Civil Engineering โ€“ ENSET Douala, Cameroon (2011)
โœ… DIPET I (Bachelorโ€™s equivalent) in Civil Engineering โ€“ ENSET Douala, Cameroon (2009)
โœ… DEUG in Computer Science โ€“ University of Yaoundรฉ I, Cameroon (2006)
โœ… Baccalaurรฉat in Mathematics & Physics โ€“ Lycรฉe dโ€™Obala, Cameroon (2003)

๐Ÿ’ผ Work Experience:
โœ”๏ธ Lecturer โ€“ University of Douala (2018 – Present)
โœ”๏ธ Visiting Lecturer โ€“ ร‰cole Supรฉrieure de La Salle (2018 – 2022)
โœ”๏ธ Lecturer โ€“ Institute of Technology, Douala (2018 – 2020)
โœ”๏ธ Civil Engineering Teacher โ€“ Lycรฉe Polyvalent de Bonabรฉri (2012 – 2018)

Professional Development ๐Ÿš€

Charly Julien Nyobe is constantly engaged in professional development to stay at the forefront of engineering innovations. In 2023, he trained in LS-Dyna at IUT Lyon 1, France, refining his expertise in impact simulation and finite element modeling. Additionally, he enhanced his scientific visualization skills through an Inkscape training at the University of Lyon. As a member of the GDR Science du Bois (France) since 2019, he actively participates in collaborative research, focusing on wood mechanics, structural engineering, and impact analysis. His interdisciplinary approach blends experimental, numerical, and theoretical methods for innovative engineering solutions. ๐ŸŒ๐Ÿ› ๏ธ๐Ÿ“Š

Research Focus ๐Ÿ”ฌ

Dr. Nyobeโ€™s research is centered on civil engineering, wood mechanics, and impact mechanics. His work spans mechanical characterization of materials, structural resilience, and numerical modeling. He is passionate about sustainable construction, particularly the use of tropical woods in engineering applications. His studies explore Monte Carlo simulations, Weibull statistical models, and multi-scale mechanical classification of materials. He also delves into shock mechanics, investigating crash simulations and road safety barriers using advanced software like LS-Dyna. His research contributes to eco-friendly building solutions, aiming to optimize wood-based engineering materials for durability and resilience. ๐ŸŒณ๐Ÿ—๏ธโš™๏ธ

Awards & Honors ๐Ÿ†

๐Ÿ… 2023 โ€“ PhD in Civil Engineering with โ€œTrรจs Honorableโ€ distinction ๐Ÿ›๏ธ
๐Ÿ… 2015 โ€“ Masterโ€™s degree with โ€œTrรจs Bienโ€ distinction ๐ŸŽ“
๐Ÿ… 2011 โ€“ DIPET II with โ€œTrรจs Bienโ€ distinction ๐Ÿ—๏ธ
๐Ÿ… 2009 โ€“ DIPET I with โ€œTrรจs Bienโ€ distinction ๐Ÿข
๐Ÿ… 2006 โ€“ DEUG in Computer Science with โ€œAssez Bienโ€ distinction ๐Ÿ’ป
๐Ÿ… 2003 โ€“ Baccalaurรฉat in Mathematics & Physics with โ€œAssez Bienโ€ distinction ๐Ÿ“

Publication Top Notes

  • Moisture content-mechanical property relationships for two okan (Cylicodiscus gabunensis) substitutes

    • Authors: Nyobe Charly Julien, Oum Lissouck Renรฉ, Nyobe Nicolas Stephane, Goumgang Tassile Rolande, Ayina Ohandja Louis Maxโ€‹
    • Publication Year: 2025โ€‹
    • DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2025.2476659โ€‹
  • Mode I cracking of three tropical species from Cameroon: the case of bilinga, dabema, and padouk wood

    • Authors: Rosmi Biyoโ€™o, Achille Bernard Biwole, Rostand Moutou Pitti, Charly Julien Nyobe, Benoit Ndiwe, Emile Jonathan Onana, Emmanuel Yambโ€‹
    • Publication Year: 2024โ€‹
    • DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2314750โ€‹
  • Effect of slope of grain on mechanical properties of some tropical wood species

    • Authors: Charly Julien Nyobe, Nicolas Stรฉphane Nyobe, Jean Bertin Nkibeu, Renรฉ Oum Lissouck, Louis Max Ayina Ohandjaโ€‹
    • Publication Year: 2024โ€‹
    • DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2356047โ€‹
  • A Review on Methods for Determining the Vibratory Damping Ratio

    • Authors: Nkibeu Jean Bertin, Charly Julien Nyobe, Moussa Sali, Madja Doumbaye Jerรฉmieโ€‹
    • Publication Year: 2023โ€‹
    • DOI: 10.4236/ojce.2023.132015โ€‹
  • Determination of the Vibratory Damping Ratio: A Methodological Review

    • Authors: Nkibeu Jean Bertin, Charly Julien Nyobe, Moussa Sali, Madja Doumbaye Jerรฉmieโ€‹
    • Publication Year: 2023โ€‹
    • DOI: 10.9734/bpi/rader/v9/1804gโ€‹
  • Variability of the mechanical strength of Congo Basin timbers

    • Author: Charly Julien Nyobeโ€‹
    • Publication Year: 2021โ€‹
    • DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2021.1912173โ€‹

Peng Gu | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Peng Gu | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

associate professor at donghua university, China

Dr. Gu Peng is an accomplished researcher specializing in ultra-precision manufacturing and intelligent processing equipment. He is currently an Associate Professor at Donghua University, following his postdoctoral research at Shanghai Jiao Tong University under the mentorship of esteemed scholars. His work focuses on advanced machining technologies, contributing to national and international research projects. With multiple high-impact publications, patents, and awards, Dr. Gu has established himself as a leading expert in precision engineering. His contributions extend beyond academia through industry collaborations, making significant advancements in manufacturing automation. He actively serves as a reviewer for top SCI journals and is recognized as an expert in Chinaโ€™s leading technology committees. His academic excellence, combined with his research leadership and industrial impact, positions him as a key figure in the field of intelligent manufacturing and ultra-precision machining.

Professional Profile

Education

Dr. Gu Peng obtained his Bachelorโ€™s degree in Mechanical Design, Manufacturing, and Automation from Hefei University of Technology in 2016, graduating ranked first in his class. He pursued a Masterโ€™s-Doctoral continuous program in Mechanical Engineering at Tongji University, where he demonstrated outstanding research potential and academic excellence. During his doctoral studies, he participated in an international training program at Politecnico di Torino, Italy, expanding his expertise in advanced manufacturing technologies. His dedication to research earned him multiple national scholarships and institutional awards, including the Outstanding Doctoral Student Award at Tongji University. His education laid a solid foundation for his expertise in precision engineering, manufacturing automation, and optical surface processing.

Professional Experience

Dr. Gu Peng began his professional career as a Postdoctoral Researcher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2022-2024), where he worked on ultra-precision machining under the guidance of renowned scholars. In 2024, he joined Donghua University as an Associate Professor, leading projects on intelligent manufacturing technologies. He has played a critical role in multiple national research projects, including the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Youth Fund and key industrial research initiatives. In addition to his academic roles, he has been an expert consultant for major industrial projects, contributing to the development of advanced machining equipment for aerospace, optics, and semiconductor industries. His professional experience bridges cutting-edge research and practical industrial applications, ensuring his work has both theoretical and real-world impact.

Research Interests

Dr. Gu Pengโ€™s research focuses on ultra-precision machining, intelligent manufacturing, and automation technologies. He specializes in high-precision grinding and polishing techniques for complex optical surfaces, including microstructure arrays and freeform surfaces. His work also explores the integration of intelligent control systems and AI-driven manufacturing processes, improving efficiency and accuracy in high-performance manufacturing industries. As the Principal Investigator of multiple national research projects, he is pioneering new methodologies for ultra-precision machining, particularly in single-point oblique axis grinding and laser-assisted cutting. His research has direct applications in aerospace, semiconductor manufacturing, and high-precision optics, making significant contributions to the field.

Awards and Honors

Dr. Gu Peng has received numerous national and institutional awards for his academic excellence and research contributions. He was a recipient of the Shanghai Super Postdoctoral Fellowship, the National Scholarship for Undergraduate and Doctoral Students, and multiple Outstanding Graduate Awards from Tongji University. He has also been recognized in national technology competitions, securing top prizes in innovation and mathematical modeling contests. In addition to his academic accolades, he serves as a reviewer for leading SCI journals, including the Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Applied Surface Technology. His contributions to ultra-precision machining and automation technology have established him as a highly respected figure in both academic and industrial research communities.

Conclusion

Dr. Gu Peng is highly suitable for the Best Researcher Award, given his strong publication record, leadership in high-level research projects, and national recognition. With continued efforts in international collaborations, student mentorship, and diversification of research, he could further solidify his standing as a leading researcher in the field of ultra-precision manufacturing.

Publications Top Noted

  • Author: Gu, P., Zhu, C., Sun, Y., Wang, D., & Shi, Z.

    • Year: 2025
    • Title: Evaluation and Prediction of Wrapping Deformation in Sheet Part Grinding
    • Journal: Experimental Techniques
    • Citations: 0
  • Author: Sun, C., Gu, P., Wan, H., Lin, J., & Min, J.

    • Year: 2025
    • Title: Enhancements of Physical Microstructure and Chemical Activation on Interfacial Bonding Strength of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
    • Journal: Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
    • Citations: 0

 

Kaili Wang | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Ms. Kaili Wang | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Studentย at NB U, China

MS Kaili Wang is a distinguished researcher in the field of gene editing and molecular diagnostics, specializing in nucleic acid detection for agricultural biotechnology. She is affiliated with Ningbo University, School of Food Science and Engineering, China, and collaborates with Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products. With a keen interest in genetic modification detection, her research focuses on improving the precision and sensitivity of detection methods for gene-edited organisms. Her recent work on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for MSTN gene-edited cattle has contributed significantly to the field of regulatory science and food safety. Dedicated to advancing biotechnology applications, she plays a crucial role in shaping methodologies for genetic monitoring, ensuring consumer safety, and fostering global discussions on gene editing and its implications.

Professional Profile

Education

MS Kaili Wang pursued her higher education in biotechnology, molecular biology, and food science, which provided a strong foundation for her research career. She earned her degrees from prestigious Chinese institutions, including Ningbo University, where she specialized in food science and genetic detection methods. Her academic training emphasized molecular diagnostics, genetic engineering, and PCR-based technologies, equipping her with the expertise necessary to develop innovative detection methods for genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Throughout her education, she engaged in interdisciplinary research, gaining hands-on experience in genetic modification analysis, nucleic acid quantification, and regulatory science. Her studies were complemented by rigorous laboratory work and collaborations with leading scientists in the field. This educational background has enabled her to contribute significantly to the advancement of gene-editing detection technologies, ensuring accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability in molecular diagnostics.

Professional Experience

With extensive experience in genetic research and molecular diagnostics, MS Kaili Wang has worked as a researcher at Ningbo University and in collaboration with Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. She has been instrumental in developing innovative nucleic acid detection methods for gene-edited organisms, particularly using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Her work focuses on the safety assessment, traceability, and detection of genetically modified products, making a significant impact in the field of food safety and agricultural biotechnology. She has contributed to multiple high-impact research projects, collaborating with government agencies, regulatory bodies, and scientific institutions to establish robust methodologies for genetic monitoring. Her professional expertise extends to training young researchers, publishing peer-reviewed articles, and presenting her findings at international conferences related to gene editing and food safety. Her work plays a critical role in ensuring the accurate detection and regulation of gene-edited agricultural products.

Research Interests

MS Kaili Wangโ€™s primary research interests lie in gene editing, nucleic acid detection, food safety, and molecular diagnostics. She is particularly focused on developing and optimizing PCR-based techniques, including ddPCR, qPCR, and CRISPR-based detection methods. Her research aims to enhance the specificity, sensitivity, and reliability of gene-editing detection, ensuring consumer safety and regulatory compliance. She is also deeply interested in the traceability of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their impact on food production, security, and public health. Through her work, she seeks to bridge the gap between scientific advancements and regulatory frameworks, contributing to the development of robust detection technologies that can be applied on a global scale. By integrating biotechnology with food safety regulations, she aims to provide innovative solutions for ensuring transparency in agricultural biotechnology and fostering public trust in gene-edited products.

Awards and Honors

Throughout her career, MS Kaili Wang has received numerous recognitions for her contributions to gene editing detection and food safety research. She has been honored with awards from academic institutions, regulatory bodies, and biotechnology organizations for her innovative work in nucleic acid quantification and molecular diagnostics. Her research on ddPCR-based detection of MSTN gene-edited cattle has gained international recognition, positioning her as a leading scientist in genetic monitoring and food safety regulation. She has been invited as a keynote speaker at scientific conferences, sharing her expertise on gene editing detection methodologies. Additionally, she has received grants and funding from government agencies to further her research in gene-editing detection and its application in regulatory science. Her dedication and contributions to biotechnology and food safety continue to make a profound impact, earning her a reputation as a pioneering researcher in the field.

Conclusion

MS Kaili Wang’s research is highly innovative and impactful, making significant contributions to gene editing detection and food safety monitoring. The work demonstrates scientific excellence, regulatory relevance, and technical robustness, making them a strong candidate for the Best Researcher Award. However, further research could focus on expanding the scope of detection beyond MSTN, increasing sample size, and facilitating regulatory adoption to enhance the real-world impact.

Publications Top Noted

Author: Kaili Wang, Yi Ji, Cheng Peng, Xiaofu Wang, Lei Yang, Hangzhen Lan, Junfeng Xu, Xiaoyun Chen
Year: 2025
Citation: Wang, K.; Ji, Y.; Peng, C.; Wang, X.; Yang, L.; Lan, H.; Xu, J.; Chen, X. (2025). “A Novel Quantification Method for Gene-Edited Animal Detection Based on ddPCR.” Biology, 14(2), Article 0203. DOI: 10.3390/biology14020203.
Source: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

 

Ananya Kuri | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Ms. Ananya Kuri | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Scientist | R&D Project Managerย at Siemens AG, Germany

Ananya Kuri is an accomplished R&D Project Manager at Siemens AG, specializing in electrical power engineering and grid stability. With over 10 years of experience in the power systems sector, she has played a pivotal role in dynamic performance analysis, inverter-based resource modeling, and power grid optimization. Ananya holds a Ph.D. from FAU Erlangen (dissertation under review) and an M.Sc. in Electrical Power Engineering from RWTH Aachen University. She is known for her leadership in managing complex projects, mentoring teams, and collaborating with global customers. Her expertise lies in enhancing power system stability, modeling and analyzing power plants, and supporting grid compliance efforts. Ananya’s work spans across consulting, R&D, and training, with significant contributions to Siemens’ technology in power systems and microgrids. Her professional journey reflects a blend of innovation, technical excellence, and strong industry engagement, making her a respected figure in the energy sector.

Professional Profile

Education

Ananya Kuriโ€™s academic credentials lay a solid foundation for her extensive career in power systems engineering. She holds a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from FAU Erlangen, where her dissertation is currently under review. Prior to this, she completed her M.Sc. in Electrical Power Engineering from RWTH Aachen University, one of Germanyโ€™s premier technical institutions. During her time at RWTH Aachen, Ananya developed a deep understanding of electrical power technologies and systems, which has been pivotal in her professional journey. Her B.Eng. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology in Bangalore, India, provided her with early insights into power systems, further shaping her technical expertise. Throughout her academic tenure, Ananya demonstrated a strong commitment to research, resulting in multiple published works and contributions to cutting-edge developments in the power systems domain, paving the way for her successful professional career.

Professional Experience

Ananya Kuriโ€™s professional experience spans a decade of working with Siemens AG, where she has made significant contributions in both consulting and research roles. She began her career as a Senior Power Systems Consultant and Portfolio Element Owner in Siemensโ€™ Digital Grid, focusing on transmission systems, inverter-based resources, and power grid stability. Her technical expertise was key in the modeling and analysis of various Siemens power systems products, including the Power Plant Controller and Microgrid Controller. Ananya has also held leadership roles as an R&D Project Manager, where she led projects like ENSURE Phase 3 for inverter-based resources and kurSyv for corrective system management in distribution networks. She has mentored teams, managed global consulting projects, and played an integral role in Siemens’ advancements in grid compliance, ensuring Siemens’ power systems meet the evolving needs of modern electrical grids. Her extensive work with international clients and R&D initiatives highlights her strong professional impact.

Research Interests

Ananya Kuriโ€™s research interests lie primarily in the areas of power system stability, grid integration, and inverter-based technologies. Her work revolves around enhancing the dynamic performance of power grids, with a focus on transient stability, small-signal analysis, and frequency regulation. Ananya is particularly interested in the modeling and control of inverter-based resources, as these technologies are crucial in supporting the transition to renewable energy sources and the modernization of grid infrastructures. Her research also extends to the development of advanced control strategies for microgrids and power plants, aiming to improve grid stability and resilience. She is actively involved in R&D projects that address the operational challenges of integrating renewable energy into power systems, such as enhanced inverter control techniques. Ananya’s contributions to power system modeling, grid compliance studies, and dynamic simulations aim to drive innovations in power system operations and support the reliable and efficient operation of future grids.

Awards and Honors

Ananya Kuriโ€™s outstanding contributions to the field of power systems engineering have earned her recognition within both the academic and professional communities. She has been actively involved in global research and development initiatives and has contributed to numerous successful consulting projects. Although specific awards are not mentioned, her leadership roles in industry-standard working groups like CIGRE and IEC, along with her involvement in over 35 working groups and 17+ published works, underscore her high standing in the industry. Ananyaโ€™s influence extends beyond her immediate work at Siemens, as she is recognized as a key member of international committees shaping the future of power system operations and standards. Her expertise in developing Siemensโ€™ key products, such as the SICAM Power Plant Controller and Microgrid Controller, also highlights her significant contributions to the global energy sector. These honors and recognitions reflect her impact as a thought leader in electrical power engineering.

Conclusion

Ananya Kuri is highly suitable for the Best Researcher Award based on her extensive experience, leadership in R&D, technical expertise, and contributions to global research projects. Her work in inverter control strategies, grid stability, and model development for Siemens’ products directly addresses the challenges facing modern power systems. The only area for improvement would be completing her Ph.D. and further enhancing her public engagement. Overall, she represents the qualities of a forward-thinking researcher with significant industry impact.

Publications Top Noted

Title: Power Dispatch Capacity of a Grid-Forming Control Based on Phase Restoring Principle
Authors: A. Kuri, Ananya; R. Zurowski, Rainer; G. Mehlmann, Gert; M. Luther, Matthias
Journal: IEEE Systems Journal
Year: 2023
Citations: 3

 

Chung-Horng Lung | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Chung-Horng Lung | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Full Professor at Carleton University, Canada

Dr. Chung-Horng Lung is a distinguished professor in the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa. With a career spanning over three decades in academia and industry, he has made significant contributions to software engineering, network security, and artificial intelligence. Recognized as one of the worldโ€™s top 2% most-cited researchers (Stanford-Elsevier, 2022 & 2023), his work has influenced various domains, including machine learning-based security systems, intelligent data processing, and network optimization. Prior to joining Carleton University, he held senior engineering positions at Nortel Networks, where he worked on software architecture, network traffic engineering, and MPLS-based communication technologies. His extensive research, mentorship, and interdisciplinary collaborations have earned him a reputation as a leading scholar in his field. Alongside his academic contributions, Dr. Lung is also a Professional Engineer (P.Eng.) in Ontario, further validating his expertise and impact in the engineering community.

Professional Profile

Education

Dr. Lung holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from Arizona State University, Tempe, earned in 1994. His journey in academia began with a Masterโ€™s degree in Computer Science and Engineering from the same institution in 1988, following a Bachelorโ€™s degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Chung-Yuan Christian University, Taiwan, in 1982. His academic background provided him with a strong foundation in software engineering, network security, and intelligent computing. During his doctoral studies, he worked extensively on distributed systems and software engineering methodologies, laying the groundwork for his future research. His educational trajectory showcases a commitment to innovation and excellence, equipping him with the expertise needed to bridge academia and industry. Through continuous learning and research advancements, Dr. Lung has remained at the forefront of emerging technologies in computing and engineering.

Professional Experience

Dr. Lung has a rich professional background in both academia and industry. He is currently a Professor at Carleton University, where he has been a faculty member since 2001. Before becoming a full professor in 2015, he served as an Associate Professor in the same department. His industry experience includes senior roles at Nortel Networks, where he worked as a Senior Software Designer and Network Engineer on Optical Packet Interworking and MPLS-based Traffic Engineering. He was also a Senior Software Architecture Engineer at Nortelโ€™s Software Engineering Analysis Lab (SEAL), contributing to critical advancements in software engineering and network technologies. Additionally, he has worked as an Instructor and Research Assistant at Arizona State University and a Software Engineer at Electronics Research & Service Organization in Taiwan. His diverse career path reflects his versatility and expertise in both theoretical and applied computing disciplines.

Research Interests

Dr. Lungโ€™s research focuses on machine learning, cybersecurity, software engineering, and network optimization. His work in machine learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) has led to the development of AI-driven security solutions for SCADA and power systems. Additionally, his research on knowledge graphs and unstructured data processing has contributed to advancements in data-driven decision-making. His expertise extends to network traffic analysis, software reliability engineering, and intelligent data sampling, with applications in forest fire detection, industrial automation, and smart city infrastructures. His interdisciplinary approach has fostered collaborations with academic institutions, industry partners, and government agencies, ensuring that his research has real-world impact. By integrating AI, cybersecurity, and software engineering principles, Dr. Lung continues to explore innovative solutions to modern technological challenges.

Awards and Honors

Dr. Lung has received numerous accolades throughout his career, with his most notable recognition being listed among the worldโ€™s top 2% most-cited scholars (Stanford-Elsevier, 2022 & 2023). This honor reflects the global impact of his research and his contributions to computer science and engineering. Additionally, he is a registered Professional Engineer (P.Eng.) in Ontario, demonstrating his adherence to the highest professional standards in engineering. Over the years, he has received multiple best paper awards, research grants, and industry recognitions for his work in machine learning, cybersecurity, and network optimization. His mentorship of students and early-career researchers has also been acknowledged through teaching excellence awards and faculty recognitions. With a distinguished academic and professional career, Dr. Lung continues to push the boundaries of innovation in computing and engineering, solidifying his position as a leading researcher in the field.

Conclusion

Dr. Chung-Horng Lung is a highly qualified and impactful researcher, making significant contributions in Computer Science, Machine Learning, and Network Engineering. His strong publication record, industry experience, and citation impact make him a strong contender for the Best Researcher Award. Addressing minor gaps in funding details, patents, and international collaborations could further strengthen his case.

Publications Top Noted

๐Ÿ“– Journal Articles

1๏ธโƒฃ In-Network Caching for ICN-Based IoT (ICN-IoT): A Comprehensive Survey ๐Ÿ†

  • Author(s): Zhang, Z., Lung, C.-H., Wei, X., Chatterjee, S., Zhang, Z.
  • Year: 2023
  • Citations: 41 ๐Ÿ”ฅ
  • Published in: IEEE Internet of Things Journal

2๏ธโƒฃ iCache: An Intelligent Caching Scheme for Dynamic Network Environments in ICN-Based IoT Networks ๐Ÿง 

  • Author(s): Zhang, Z., Wei, X., Lung, C.-H., Zhao, Y.
  • Year: 2023
  • Citations: 17 ๐Ÿ“ˆ
  • Published in: IEEE Internet of Things Journal

3๏ธโƒฃ Knowledge Graph Generation and Application for Unstructured Data Using Data Processing Pipeline ๐Ÿค–

  • Author(s): Sukumar, S.T., Lung, C.-H., Zaman, M., Panday, R.
  • Year: 2024
  • Citations: 0 (New Publication) ๐Ÿš€
  • Published in: IEEE Access

๐ŸŽค Conference Papers

4๏ธโƒฃ A Federated Learning Framework Based on Spatio-Temporal Agnostic Subsampling (STAS) for Forest Fire Prediction ๐Ÿ”ฅ

  • Author(s): Mutakabbir, A., Lung, C.-H., Ajila, S.A., Sampalli, S., Ravichandran, T.
  • Year: 2024
  • Citations: 0 (New Publication) ๐Ÿš€
  • Published in: IEEE COMPSAC 2024

5๏ธโƒฃ Comparative Analysis of Real-Time Data Processing Architectures: Kafka versus MQTT Broker in IoT ๐Ÿ“ก

  • Author(s): Ho, C.L.D., Lung, C.-H., Mao, Z.
  • Year: 2024
  • Citations: 0 (New Publication) ๐Ÿš€
  • Published in: IEEE ICEIB 2024

6๏ธโƒฃ DDoS Flood Detection and Mitigation using SDN and Network Ingress Filtering – an Experiment Report ๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ

  • Author(s): Marleau, S., Rahman, P., Lung, C.-H.
  • Year: 2024
  • Citations: 0 (New Publication) ๐Ÿš€
  • Published in: IEEE ICEIB 2024

7๏ธโƒฃ Big Data Synthesis and Class Imbalance Rectification for Enhanced Forest Fire Classification Modeling ๐Ÿ”ฅ๐Ÿ“Š

  • Author(s): Tavakoli, F., Naik, K., Zaman, M., Lung, C.-H., Ravichandran, T.
  • Year: 2024
  • Citations: 0 (New Publication) ๐Ÿš€
  • Published in: International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence

8๏ธโƒฃ Forest Fire Prediction Using Multi-Source Deep Learning ๐ŸŒฒ๐Ÿ”ฅ

  • Author(s): Mutakabbir, A., Lung, C.-H., Ajila, S.A., Purcell, R., Sampalli, S.
  • Year: 2024
  • Citations: 0 (New Publication) ๐Ÿš€
  • Published in: LNICST Conference Proceedings

9๏ธโƒฃ A Data Integration Framework with Multi-Source Big Data for Enhanced Forest Fire Prediction ๐ŸŒ๐Ÿ”ฅ

  • Author(s): Kaur, P., Naik, K., Purcell, R., Zaman, M., Mutakabbir, A.
  • Year: 2023
  • Citations: 1 ๐Ÿ“Š
  • Published in: IEEE Big Data 2023

๐Ÿ”Ÿ Unstructured Transportation Safety Board Findings Categorization Using the Knowledge Graph Pipeline ๐Ÿš—๐Ÿ“Š

  • Author(s): Panday, R., Lung, C.-H.
  • Year: 2023
  • Citations: 1 ๐Ÿ†
  • Published in: IEEE Big Data 2023

 

Arvind Chaurasiya | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Mr. Arvind Chaurasiya | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Student at Sardar Vallabhbhai National institute of technology, India

Arvind Chaurasiya is a dedicated and passionate Structural Engineer currently working with Systra India since July 2023. With a strong foundation in structural design, he is well-versed in Indian Standards and Eurocode for structural designs. Arvind has always exhibited a drive for continuous learning and innovation in the ever-evolving field of structural engineering. His dynamic approach to design, coupled with a genuine interest in technologies that boost productivity, efficiency, and quality, makes him an emerging talent in the field. He is particularly known for his analytical skills and for effectively contributing to high-stakes infrastructure projects across various countries. Arvind’s curiosity and commitment to enhancing structural engineering practices ensure that he is not just a professional but an engineer who strives to push the boundaries of his discipline with each project.

Professional Profile

Education

Arvind Chaurasiya completed his education with a Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering, which laid the foundation for his career in structural engineering. Throughout his academic journey, he demonstrated a keen interest in structural dynamics, design principles, and load-bearing systems. His education included in-depth coursework on various Indian Standards, Eurocodes, and modern structural analysis techniques. He also participated in various seminars and workshops on advanced software tools like Midas Civil and Staad Pro, which gave him the skills needed to transition smoothly into his professional career. Arvindโ€™s educational background not only provided him with a solid technical base but also instilled in him a passion for lifelong learning, driving him to continuously explore new technologies and approaches in structural design.

Professional Experience

Arvindโ€™s professional experience includes working on several high-profile international projects that have honed his skills in structural design and analysis. Currently employed at Systra India, he has been involved in projects like the High-Speed Rail Project in the United Kingdom and Standard Gauge Railway in Tanzania. His role spans from designing detailed project reports to performing complex load calculations and structural analysis using software like Midas Civil and Staad Pro. Notably, Arvind has worked on the design of structural elements like culverts, retaining walls, and bridges, contributing to large-scale infrastructure initiatives. His experience in these diverse projects has not only strengthened his technical expertise but also expanded his understanding of international design practices and safety standards. His contribution to projects such as the UAE Oman Rail Link further solidifies his position as a rising star in the field.

Research Interests

Arvindโ€™s primary research interest lies in improving the efficiency and sustainability of structural designs. He is particularly focused on integrating advanced technologies into the design process to optimize material usage, reduce construction time, and enhance structural performance. Arvind is deeply intrigued by the potential of automation, AI-based tools, and machine learning algorithms in revolutionizing the way structures are designed and analyzed. His goal is to explore innovative ways of designing energy-efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective infrastructure systems that align with the growing emphasis on sustainable development. Additionally, Arvind is passionate about researching advanced finite element analysis (FEA) techniques and their application in real-world structural engineering problems, aiming to reduce errors and improve safety outcomes in design.

Awards and Honors

Although Arvind Chaurasiya is at the beginning stages of his career, his contribution to several high-profile international engineering projects has garnered recognition among his peers and supervisors. His meticulous approach to project design and analysis, along with his commitment to quality, has earned him appreciation for his work on infrastructure projects like the High-Speed Rail Project in the UK and Mwanza to Isaka Railway Project in Tanzania. Though still early in his career, Arvindโ€™s ongoing focus on developing innovative structural designs and utilizing cutting-edge technologies has positioned him as a promising candidate for future awards and honors. As he continues to accumulate experience and further his research interests, he is expected to make significant strides in both academic and professional recognition, contributing to the field of structural engineering in a more impactful way.

Conclusion

Arvind Chaurasiya exhibits strong technical expertise and practical experience, especially with international and high-profile projects. His ability to work with advanced structural engineering tools and his enthusiasm for new technologies are commendable and position him as a promising candidate in the field. However, for the Best Researcher Award, there is room for improvement in areas related to research output and innovation. To be fully suitable for such an award, Arvind would benefit from publishing more research, contributing original ideas to the field, and demonstrating how his work has pushed the boundaries of structural engineering theory and practice.

Publications Top Noted

1. Optimization of Geometric Properties of Deck Arch Steel Bridge Using Analytical Study
  • Authors: Chaurasiya, A., Biswal, A., Tamizharasi, G., Goel, R.
  • Year: 2025
  • Publication: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Volume 550, pp. 173โ€“180.
  • Citations: 0
2. Cyber Security Terrain and Thwarting Cyber Attacks Using Artificial Intelligence
  • Authors: Sharma, S., Dwivedi, R.K., Upadhyay, N., Kashyap, P., Chaurasiya, A.K.
  • Year: 2024
  • Publication: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, Volume 1191, pp. 679โ€“685.
  • Citations: 0

 

Assoc Prof. Dr. Chunlu Qian | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Assoc Prof. Dr. Chunlu Qian | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Assoc Prof. Dr. Chunlu Qian, Yangzhou University, China

Chunlu Qian is an Associate Professor and Department Chair at the School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, China. With a passion for postharvest physiology, he specializes in enhancing fruit quality through innovative preservation techniques. His work not only advances academic knowledge but also contributes significantly to the food industry.

Profile

Scopus

Orcid

Education ๐ŸŽ“

Dr. Qian completed his Bachelor’s degree in Horticulture Science from Henan Agriculture University in 2005. He then earned his Masterโ€™s in Vegetable Science from Zhejiang University in 2007, followed by a Ph.D. in Food Science, focusing on postharvest cucumber physiology, in 2013.

Experience ๐Ÿ’ผ

Since April 2013, Dr. Qian has served as an Assistant Professor and later as an Associate Professor at Yangzhou University. He has also gained international experience as a Visiting Scientist at Nagoya University, Japan, enhancing his research perspectives and methodologies.

Research Interest ๐Ÿ”

Dr. Qian’s research primarily revolves around postharvest physiology of fruits, focusing on methods to maintain fruit quality during storage using physical and chemical treatments. His interests also include studying flavor changes during the growth and preservation processes, which he incorporates into his teaching of various food science courses.

Awards ๐Ÿ†

Dr. Qian has been recognized for his contributions to the field with several awards, although specific details on nominations or accolades are not provided in the available information.

Publication Top Notes ๐Ÿ“š

Cai et al. (2024) – Study on quality and starch characteristics of powdery and crispy Lotus Roots, Foods.

Qian et al. (2024) – Effects of melatonin on postharvest water bamboo shoots, Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences.

Zhang et al. (2024) – Role of PbrWRKY62 in scald development of pear fruit, Molecular Horticulture.

Ding et al. (2023) – Flavor characteristics of ten peanut varieties, Foods.

Qian et al. (2023) – Texture and flavor changes of lotus root, Foods.

Mahmood Abbasi Layegh | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Assist Prof Dr. Mahmood Abbasi Layegh | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Assistant professor & Senior researcher, Urmia University, Iran

๐ŸŽ“ Dr. Mahmood Abbasi Layegh is an accomplished researcher and educator in the field of Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering. Currently serving as an Assistant Professor at Urmia University of Technology, he has a wealth of experience in both academia and industry. His expertise spans antenna design, microwave passive devices, and optimization algorithms, where he has made significant contributions to research and innovation.

Publication Profile

Google scholar

Education

๐Ÿ“š Dr. Abbasi Layegh holds a Ph.D. in Telecommunication Engineering from Urmia University (2013-2018), with a dissertation focusing on the application of optimization algorithms in the design of antennas and microwave passive devices. Prior to this, he earned an M.Sc. in Electronic Engineering from the University of Tabriz, where he explored Persian music classification using SVM. His academic journey began with a B.Sc. in Telecommunication Engineering from Urmia University, setting the foundation for his career.

Experience

๐Ÿซ Dr. Abbasi Layegh has a diverse teaching and professional background. He has been an Assistant Professor at Urmia University of Technology since 2022 and has held various academic roles, including Senior Lecturer at both Urmia University and Islamic Azad University. In addition to academia, he is also the Board Manager at ADAK PEY Road & Building Construction Company, where he applies his management and engineering skills.

Research Focus

๐Ÿ”ฌ His research interests lie in antenna design, microwave devices, optimization algorithms, and machine learning techniques applied to engineering problems. He has published widely on topics such as compact antennas for MIMO systems, power demand forecasting, and innovative methods for breast cancer detection using finite element methods and SVM.

Awards and Honors

๐Ÿ… Dr. Abbasi Layegh has been recognized for his academic excellence with high distinctions throughout his education. He also co-authored a solutions manual for telecommunication systems, and his work has been featured in prestigious international journals.

Publication Highlights

“The Optimization Design of a Novel Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna with Multi-Bands Using Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System,” published in Technologies (2017), has been widely cited for its innovative approach to antenna design. Read here

“Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System approach in bandwidth and mutual coupling analyses of a novel UWB MIMO antenna with notch bands applicable for massive MIMOs,” published in AEรœ – International Journal of Electronics and Communications (2018), has influenced future research in MIMO antenna systems. Read here

Using AHP method to evaluate e-payment system factors influencing mobile banking use in Iranian banks

The optimization design of a novel slotted microstrip patch antenna with multi-bands using adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system

Classification of the Radif of Mirza Abdollah a canonic repertoire of Persian music using SVM method

 

Guglielmo Vaccaro | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

Mr. Guglielmo Vaccaro | Engineering | Best Researcher Award

PHD student, Universitร  degli studi di Firenze, Italy

๐Ÿ‘ค Guglielmo Vaccaro, born on June 18, 1997, in Florence, is a dedicated researcher in the field of mechanical and energy engineering. With a passion for sustainable technologies, he is currently pursuing his PhD in Industrial Engineering, focusing on eco-friendly refrigeration solutions.

Publication Profile

Scopus

Education

๐ŸŽ“ Guglielmo holds a Bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering (110/110 cum laude) and a Master’s degree in Energy Engineering with a specialization in machines (110/110 cum laude), both from the University of Florence. His thesis work centered on optimizing fluid systems for improved efficiency and sustainability. He is currently engaged in a PhD program, researching refrigeration with eco-compatible fluids.

Experience

๐Ÿ’ผ Guglielmo has gained valuable experience through his studies at the CNAM – Conservatoire National des Arts et Mรฉtiers, where he conducted experimental research on a CO2 and DME mixture chiller. His academic journey also includes participation in international conferences and collaborations with industry experts, strengthening his practical and theoretical knowledge.

Research Focus

๐Ÿ” Guglielmo’s research focuses on the development of refrigeration systems using eco-friendly fluids. He aims to improve the efficiency of cooling processes through innovative solutions, including the use of CO2-based mixtures, which contribute to reduced environmental impact.

Awards and Honours

๐Ÿ… Guglielmo has received recognition for his academic excellence, including honors during his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees. His contributions to international conferences reflect his commitment to advancing knowledge in his field.

Publication Top Notes

๐Ÿ“š Guglielmo has authored several publications in peer-reviewed journals and international conferences, showcasing his research on energy systems and refrigeration technology. Below are some highlights:

Vaccaro, G., Milazzo, A., & Talluri, L. (2023). Thermodynamic assessment of trans-critical refrigeration systems utilizing CO2-based mixtures. International Journal of Refrigeration, 147, 61-70.

Pasqui, M., Vaccaro, G., Lubello, P., Milazzo, A., & Carcasci, C. (2023). Heat pumps and thermal energy storages centralised management in a Renewable Energy Community. International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, 38, 65-82.

Vaccaro, G., Milazzo, A., & Talluri, L. (2024). A proposal for a non-flammable, fluorine-free, CO2-based mixture as a low TEWI refrigerant. International Journal of Refrigeration, 158, 157-163.

Experimental results on a chiller using a CO2-DME mixture. International Journal of Refrigeration (in publication).